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書信寫作進階130~190 字

給交換學生的建議信

你的學校即將迎來一位來自國外的交換學生。請寫一封信歡迎他/她,並針對「台灣的校園生活」與「一項你推薦的台灣文化體驗」提供具體建議。

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這一題的頂標範文與寫作技巧建議先自己寫完、送出批改,再打開對照。打開看範文 ▾
頂標範文同一題的示範寫法,值得學起來

頂標範文與技術分析

這是同一題的頂標等級範文,標色的地方是值得學起來的進階文法句型或用字。

Dear Alex, Hello! My name is Mei-Ling, and I will be your buddy at our high school this semester. On behalf of our class, I would like to welcome you to Taiwan, and I hope this letter helps you settle in before you arrive. As for campus life, what strikes most exchange students first is how long our school day is, often stretching from 7:30 a.m. to 5 p.m., with an after-school review session included. Never having experienced such a packed schedule, you might feel overwhelmed at first, but you will soon find it rewarding, since classmates are always ready to lend a hand with homework or translation. Besides academics, there is one cultural experience I strongly recommend: visiting a traditional night market. Not only can you sample mouth-watering snacks like stinky tofu and bubble tea, but you can also witness how warmly local vendors treat customers, which reveals a side of Taiwanese culture no textbook could teach. I cannot wait to show you around. Should you have any questions beforehand, feel free to email me anytime. Warmly, Mei-Ling

技巧說明(5)

分詞構句(Having p.p. / V-ing 開頭)Never having experienced such a packed schedule, you might feel overwhelmed at first

這是「分詞構句」的用法,規則是當主要子句的主詞與從屬子句(通常是表示原因或讓步的子句)的主詞相同時,可以把從屬連接詞與主詞省略,並將動詞改為分詞形式,置於句首。這裡原本的完整句子是「Since you have never experienced such a packed schedule, you might feel overwhelmed at first」,因為主詞一致(you),所以可以簡化成「Having never experienced...」,而加上 Never 放在 Having 前面表示否定完成式分詞,語氣更簡潔有力。用分詞構句比起一直用 Because / Since 開頭的子句更顯文法掌握度高,閱卷老師會覺得句子結構有變化、不單調。學生可以在表達「因為先前沒有...經驗,所以...」時套用,例如寫到「因為沒有去過國外,他對文化差異感到好奇」可寫成「Never having traveled abroad, he was curious about cultural differences.」

倒裝句(Not only...but also 倒裝)Not only can you sample mouth-watering snacks like stinky tofu and bubble tea, but you can also witness how warmly local vendors treat customers

這是「Not only...but also...」句型的倒裝用法。文法規則是當 Not only 放在句首時,後面的子句必須採用「部分倒裝」,也就是把助動詞(here 是 can)提到主詞前面,形成「Not only can you...」而不是「Not only you can...」。這種倒裝句比起平鋪直敘地用 and 連接兩個句子(例如 You can sample snacks and you can also witness...)更能展現文法的精熟度與句子的節奏感,也讓內容更有強調語氣,凸顯「不只...而且還...」的遞進效果。學生在想要強調兩件同等重要的事情時,可以套用這個句型,例如:「Not only did she pass the exam, but she also won a scholarship.」

關係子句補充說明(which 非限定用法)which reveals a side of Taiwanese culture no textbook could teach

這裡的 which 是「非限定關係代名詞」,用來指代前面整個子句的概念(local vendors treat customers warmly),而不是單指某個名詞。文法規則是非限定用法前面要加逗號,且 which 所引導的子句是用來補充說明、而非限定前面的內容,拿掉也不影響句子的完整性,但能增加資訊豐富度。這比起另外重新造一個句子(例如 This reveals a side of Taiwanese culture. No textbook could teach it.)更流暢緊湊,展現句子銜接的能力,是閱卷老師會特別留意的「句子合併」技巧。學生可以在描述完一件事情後,用 which 來補充自己的評論或心得,例如:「He finally apologized, which surprised everyone in the room.」

虛主詞 + 倒裝的委婉假設語氣(Should 開頭)Should you have any questions beforehand, feel free to email me anytime.

這是「省略 if 的假設語氣倒裝句」,原本完整的句子應是「If you should have any questions beforehand, feel free to email me」,但在正式或禮貌的書信中,可以把 if 省略,並將 should 提到主詞前面,形成「Should you have any questions...」的倒裝形式。這種句型常見於英文書信或正式文件的結尾,用來表示「如果有任何疑問」的委婉語氣,比起單純寫 If you have any questions 更顯文筆成熟、語域(register)更正式得體,很適合用在書信體的結尾段落。學生可以直接套用這個固定句型於任何書信結尾,例如:「Should you need further assistance, please do not hesitate to contact me.」

精準用字(進階形容詞與動詞選擇)mouth-watering snacks

這裡選用了「mouth-watering」這個生動的複合形容詞來形容小吃,而不是用平淡的 delicious 或 good。文法上 mouth-watering 是由「名詞 + 現在分詞」組成的複合形容詞(mouth 流口水的 watering),用來形容令人食指大動的食物,屬於道地且生動的英文表達方式。比起單純使用 delicious,這種複合形容詞能讓文章讀起來更具畫面感與真實感,顯示作者字彙量與用字的精準度,這在學測作文的「用字」評分項目中是加分關鍵。學生可以在描述吸引人的事物時多多練習使用類似的複合形容詞,例如形容風景可以用「breathtaking view」,形容令人心碎的消息可以用「heart-breaking news」。

範文由 WriteUp 依學測評分規準產生,供練習參考,不是大考中心公布的佳作。

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