給交換學生的建議信
你的學校即將迎來一位來自國外的交換學生。請寫一封信歡迎他/她,並針對「台灣的校園生活」與「一項你推薦的台灣文化體驗」提供具體建議。
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這一題的頂標範文與寫作技巧建議先自己寫完、送出批改,再打開對照。打開看範文 ▾收起 ▴
頂標範文與技術分析
這是同一題的頂標等級範文,標色的地方是值得學起來的進階文法句型或用字。
Dear Alex, Hello! My name is Mei-Ling, and I will be your buddy at our high school this semester. On behalf of our class, I would like to welcome you to Taiwan, and I hope this letter helps you settle in before you arrive. As for campus life, what strikes most exchange students first is how long our school day is, often stretching from 7:30 a.m. to 5 p.m., with an after-school review session included. Never having experienced such a packed schedule, you might feel overwhelmed at first, but you will soon find it rewarding, since classmates are always ready to lend a hand with homework or translation. Besides academics, there is one cultural experience I strongly recommend: visiting a traditional night market. Not only can you sample mouth-watering snacks like stinky tofu and bubble tea, but you can also witness how warmly local vendors treat customers, which reveals a side of Taiwanese culture no textbook could teach. I cannot wait to show you around. Should you have any questions beforehand, feel free to email me anytime. Warmly, Mei-Ling
技巧說明(5)
這是「分詞構句」的用法,規則是當主要子句的主詞與從屬子句(通常是表示原因或讓步的子句)的主詞相同時,可以把從屬連接詞與主詞省略,並將動詞改為分詞形式,置於句首。這裡原本的完整句子是「Since you have never experienced such a packed schedule, you might feel overwhelmed at first」,因為主詞一致(you),所以可以簡化成「Having never experienced...」,而加上 Never 放在 Having 前面表示否定完成式分詞,語氣更簡潔有力。用分詞構句比起一直用 Because / Since 開頭的子句更顯文法掌握度高,閱卷老師會覺得句子結構有變化、不單調。學生可以在表達「因為先前沒有...經驗,所以...」時套用,例如寫到「因為沒有去過國外,他對文化差異感到好奇」可寫成「Never having traveled abroad, he was curious about cultural differences.」
這是「Not only...but also...」句型的倒裝用法。文法規則是當 Not only 放在句首時,後面的子句必須採用「部分倒裝」,也就是把助動詞(here 是 can)提到主詞前面,形成「Not only can you...」而不是「Not only you can...」。這種倒裝句比起平鋪直敘地用 and 連接兩個句子(例如 You can sample snacks and you can also witness...)更能展現文法的精熟度與句子的節奏感,也讓內容更有強調語氣,凸顯「不只...而且還...」的遞進效果。學生在想要強調兩件同等重要的事情時,可以套用這個句型,例如:「Not only did she pass the exam, but she also won a scholarship.」
這裡的 which 是「非限定關係代名詞」,用來指代前面整個子句的概念(local vendors treat customers warmly),而不是單指某個名詞。文法規則是非限定用法前面要加逗號,且 which 所引導的子句是用來補充說明、而非限定前面的內容,拿掉也不影響句子的完整性,但能增加資訊豐富度。這比起另外重新造一個句子(例如 This reveals a side of Taiwanese culture. No textbook could teach it.)更流暢緊湊,展現句子銜接的能力,是閱卷老師會特別留意的「句子合併」技巧。學生可以在描述完一件事情後,用 which 來補充自己的評論或心得,例如:「He finally apologized, which surprised everyone in the room.」
這是「省略 if 的假設語氣倒裝句」,原本完整的句子應是「If you should have any questions beforehand, feel free to email me」,但在正式或禮貌的書信中,可以把 if 省略,並將 should 提到主詞前面,形成「Should you have any questions...」的倒裝形式。這種句型常見於英文書信或正式文件的結尾,用來表示「如果有任何疑問」的委婉語氣,比起單純寫 If you have any questions 更顯文筆成熟、語域(register)更正式得體,很適合用在書信體的結尾段落。學生可以直接套用這個固定句型於任何書信結尾,例如:「Should you need further assistance, please do not hesitate to contact me.」
這裡選用了「mouth-watering」這個生動的複合形容詞來形容小吃,而不是用平淡的 delicious 或 good。文法上 mouth-watering 是由「名詞 + 現在分詞」組成的複合形容詞(mouth 流口水的 watering),用來形容令人食指大動的食物,屬於道地且生動的英文表達方式。比起單純使用 delicious,這種複合形容詞能讓文章讀起來更具畫面感與真實感,顯示作者字彙量與用字的精準度,這在學測作文的「用字」評分項目中是加分關鍵。學生可以在描述吸引人的事物時多多練習使用類似的複合形容詞,例如形容風景可以用「breathtaking view」,形容令人心碎的消息可以用「heart-breaking news」。
範文由 WriteUp 依學測評分規準產生,供練習參考,不是大考中心公布的佳作。